Mycoplasma genitalium (Mgen) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that often goes undetected due to its subtle or absent symptoms. However, if left untreated, it can lead to complications, including persistent discomfort and reproductive health issues. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and available treatment options can help in early detection and management of this infection.
What causes mycoplasma genitalium?
Mycoplasma genitalium is caused by a small bacterium that infects the urinary and genital tracts. It spreads through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and potentially oral sex. The bacterium lacks a traditional cell wall, making it resistant to some common antibiotics. Individuals who have multiple sexual partners or engage in unprotected sex are at a higher risk of contracting Mgen.
Symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium
One of the challenges with diagnosing Mgen is that many people do not experience symptoms, or they may develop only mild ones. When symptoms do appear, they differ between men and women.
Symptoms in men
- Pain or burning sensation when urinating
- Penile discharge
- Discomfort or irritation inside the urethra
- Epididymitis (inflammation of the tube at the back of the testicles)
Symptoms in women
- Pain during urination
- Abnormal vaginal discharge
- Lower abdominal pain
- Bleeding between periods or after sex
- Cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix)
Since the symptoms of Mgen can resemble other STIs, testing is essential to confirm the infection and receive appropriate treatment.
Testing for mycoplasma genitalium
Detecting Mycoplasma genitalium requires a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), which is highly sensitive and specific. This test is performed using a urine sample or a swab from the urethra, cervix, or vagina. Unlike some other STIs, Mgen is not routinely screened for in standard STI tests, so it is important to visit an STD clinic in Singapore if symptoms persist or if there is a risk of exposure.
Treatment options for mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplasma genitalium is typically treated with antibiotics, but its resistance to standard antibiotics has made treatment more complex. The first-line treatment often includes a combination of antibiotics such as azithromycin and moxifloxacin. Since resistance is a growing concern, doctors may recommend a tailored approach based on testing results to ensure the most effective treatment.
It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to prevent reinfection and antibiotic resistance. A follow-up test is usually recommended after treatment to confirm that the infection has cleared.
Preventing mycoplasma genitalium
The best way to reduce the risk of Mycoplasma genitalium is to practice safe sex. Using condoms consistently, limiting the number of sexual partners, and getting regular STI screenings can help prevent infection. If diagnosed, informing sexual partners is crucial to prevent further spread and reinfection.
Seeking professional care
For those experiencing symptoms or concerned about exposure to Mycoplasma genitalium, seeking medical advice is essential. At Elyon Family Clinic & Surgery, we provide accurate testing, effective treatment, and confidential support to help manage your sexual health. Visit us for professional care and personalised treatment options.
