Gonorrhoea is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that mainly affects the genital tract but can also infect the throat, rectum, and eyes. Caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, it spreads through unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner. Many men with gonorrhoea may not experience symptoms initially, making regular testing essential for early detection and treatment.
Recognising the signs of gonorrhoea in men
Gonorrhoea symptoms typically appear within two weeks of exposure but can also develop later. Some men may carry the infection without noticeable symptoms, which increases the risk of unknowingly spreading it to others. When symptoms do occur, they often include:
- A burning sensation when urinating
- Thick, yellowish or greenish discharge from the penis
- Pain or swelling in one or both testicles
- Discomfort or soreness in the throat (if infected through oral sex)
- Itching or discomfort in the rectum, sometimes accompanied by discharge or bleeding (if infected anally)
If left untreated, gonorrhoea can lead to severe complications, including epididymitis, a painful condition affecting the testicles, which may contribute to infertility. The infection can also increase susceptibility to other STIs, including HIV.
How gonorrhoea is diagnosed
Since symptoms may not always be apparent, testing is crucial, especially for sexually active individuals with new or multiple partners. A healthcare provider will typically conduct the following tests:
- Urine test – This is one of the most common and non-invasive methods for detecting gonorrhoea in men.
- Swab test – A sample is collected from the urethra, rectum, or throat, depending on the suspected site of infection.
- NAAT (nucleic acid amplification test) – A highly accurate diagnostic method that detects the genetic material of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Testing is quick and straightforward, and results are usually available within a few days. Men who suspect they have been exposed should seek prompt medical evaluation at an STD clinic to prevent further transmission and complications.
Available treatment options for gonorrhoea
Gonorrhoea is a bacterial infection that can be treated effectively with antibiotics. The standard treatment involves:
- A single dose of intramuscular ceftriaxone
- Oral azithromycin or doxycycline, depending on the doctor’s recommendation
Due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains, it is essential to follow medical advice closely and complete the prescribed treatment. Self-medicating or stopping antibiotics prematurely can lead to incomplete eradication of the bacteria and increased resistance.
Preventing reinfection and protecting sexual health
After treatment, individuals should abstain from sexual activity for at least seven days to prevent reinfection. It is also advisable to notify any recent sexual partners so they can get tested and treated if necessary. Additional steps to reduce the risk of gonorrhoea include:
- Consistently using condoms during vaginal, anal, and oral sex
- Undergoing regular STI screenings, particularly if engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour
- Maintaining open communication with partners about sexual health and testing
Conclusion
Gonorrhoea is a preventable and treatable condition, but early detection is key. Men who experience any symptoms or have had unprotected sex with a new partner should seek medical attention promptly.
For professional advice and comprehensive STI screening, visit Elyon Family Clinic & Surgery. Our clinic provides a discreet and professional environment, ensuring you receive the necessary care and treatment to safeguard your health.