Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms And How To Prevent Them

Genital warts are sexually transmitted infections derived from particular strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted disease. Those who are infected will find soft growths appearing on their genital areas – although, there are instances where the warts are too small to be visible. These warts can cause pain, discomfort and itching.

Causes of genital warts

 As mentioned, genital warts result from certain HPV strains transmitted during unprotected sex. The virus can also be transmitted via close genital contact, which means a person can infect his/her partner without performing penetrative sex.

A person with an active sexual life may find themselves at risk. Other factors that can increase the likelihood of infection include having unprotected sex with multiple partners, a prior history of sexually transmitted diseases, or having sex with someone whose sexual history they are unaware of.

Symptoms of genital warts

It can be difficult for an infected person to know if they have genital warts developing on their body, as symptoms can appear weeks, months or years after the infection. Genital warts also may not be visible to the naked eye as they are often small, flat and flesh-coloured, and can appear inside the vagina or anus. Sometimes, they can appear grouped together in a cauliflower-like shape.

Possible affected areas for men:

  • Penis
  • Scrotum
  • Groin
  • Thighs
  • Inside or around the anus
  • Lips/Mouth/Tongue/Throat (If the person performs oral sex on their infected partner)

Possible affected areas for women:

  • Inside or around the vagina
  • Inside or around the anus
  • Cervix
  • Lips/Mouth/Tongue/Throat (If the person performs oral sex on their infected partner)

Most of the time, genital warts are painless. But it can also cause other issues such as vaginal discharge, itching, bleeding and burning sensation.

How to prevent genital warts

The best preventive measure to avoid infection is to practise safe sex. Always wear a condom when engaging in sexual activities. Practising mutual monogamy also reduces the risk of getting a sexually transmitted infection, such as genital warts. Couples are recommended to be open about their past sexual history and let their partner know about any potential risk before deciding to have sex. It is also advisable to go for regular STD testing to ensure your well-being.

There are various HPV vaccines available in Singapore to protect against HPV-related diseases and cancers, including genital warts. It is advisable to take the vaccine before engaging in any sexual activities, but even if you have started having sex, you can still be protected against the types of HPV that you have not been exposed to.

It is advisable to avoid sex while receiving treatment. Even after the warts have disappeared, the virus can still be passed on for up to several months. Avoid from touching or rubbing the warts as the infection may spread to the surrounding area.

Conclusion

If you think you have genital warts or any worrying symptoms, talk to your doctor. They will perform a physical examination of the suspected areas and carry out tests to confirm the presence of the virus. Wart treatments often come in topical forms that are applied to the skin to improve its appearance, relieve symptoms, and prevent their return. If your condition is severe, there are surgical options available to remove the warts.

For any concerns about your sexual health, call Elyon Clinic at 6802 7208 and schedule a consultation with our doctor today.